The Humble Start in the Soil

The journey of the lima bean starts in warm, well-drained soil. Farmers usually plant them after the last frost, when the ground has had time to warm up. These beans grow on bush or pole plants, producing green pods that swell as the beans mature inside.

Lima beans are surprisingly resilient. They don’t need constant attention, but they do need steady sunlight and moderate watering. Within a couple of months, the plants begin to produce pods ready for harvest. Timing matters here. Pick them too early, and they’re underdeveloped. Too late, and they become starchy.

Harvesting and Processing

Once harvested, the beans are removed from their pods, either by hand or machine. At this stage, they can go in a few different directions. Some are sold fresh at local markets. Others are dried for longer storage, while a large portion is frozen or canned for convenience.

Fresh lima beans have a softer texture and a slightly sweet, buttery flavor. Dried ones develop a firmer bite and a more earthy taste once cooked. Each version has its place in the kitchen.

The Journey to Your Kitchen

From farms, lima beans are distributed through several channels. Local farms often supply farmers’ markets and small grocers. Larger operations send their crops to processing facilities before they reach supermarkets across the country.

By the time they land in your kitchen, they might look very different depending on how they were handled. Fresh, frozen, or canned, each option offers a different level of convenience and flavor.

From Pot to Plate

Cooking lima beans is straightforward, but a few small choices make a big difference. Fresh beans need only a short simmer. Dried beans should be soaked first, then cooked slowly until tender. Many people like to add garlic, onions, or herbs to build flavor.

They show up in all kinds of dishes. Think simple buttered beans, hearty stews, or Southern-style recipes cooked low and slow. Their creamy texture makes them a natural fit for comfort food, but they can also be part of lighter, vegetable-focused meals.

Why They’re Worth It

Lima beans don’t always get the spotlight, but they should. They’re packed with protein, fiber, and essential nutrients. More importantly, they’re versatile and affordable.

From a seed in the soil to a dish on your table, their journey is simple but meaningful. It’s a reminder that even the most ordinary ingredients have a story and a place in a thoughtful, well-cooked meal.

Pulses: Bringing diversity to agrifood systems

Celebrating Pulses

Pulses - Bringing Diversity to Agrifood Systems

Every February 10th, the world comes together to celebrate World Pulses Day, a tribute to the humble yet mighty pulses that nourish people and the planet alike. Established by the United Nations in 2018, this special day has been dedicated to raising awareness about the significant role pulses play in promoting sustainable agriculture, food security, and healthy diets worldwide.

What Are Pulses?
Pulses, also known as legumes, are the edible seeds of leguminous plants cultivated for food. This diverse group includes dried beans, lentils, chickpeas, and peas, staples in cuisines worldwide. Whether it's creamy hummus from the Mediterranean, savory Indian dal, or baked navy beans in a traditional English breakfast, pulses are cherished for their versatility, taste, and nutritional value.

Why Are Pulses Important?

1. Nutritional Powerhouses:
   Pulses are packed with essential nutrients, making them a vital source of protein, especially in regions where meat and dairy may be scarce or unaffordable. They are low in fat, rich in fiber, and loaded with vitamins and minerals like iron, potassium, and folate. Their high soluble fiber content helps manage cholesterol and blood sugar levels, reducing the risk of heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. Health organizations worldwide recommend pulses as part of a balanced diet to combat non-communicable diseases.

2. Ensuring Food Security:
   For farmers, pulses are more than just crops—they are lifelines. They provide a dual benefit: farmers can sell them for income while consuming them for household nutrition. This dual role strengthens food security, fosters economic stability, and empowers communities, particularly in vulnerable regions.

3. Environmental Champions:
   Pulses do more than nourish us; they also nourish the Earth. Thanks to their nitrogen-fixing properties, pulses naturally enrich the soil, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers. This lowers greenhouse gas emissions and promotes healthier, more biodiverse farmland. Pulses thrive in diverse cropping systems, supporting intercropping and cover cropping practices that improve soil health and resilience against pests and diseases.

World Pulses Day 2025 Theme: "Pulses: Bringing Diversity to Agrifood Systems"
This year's theme highlights the multifaceted contributions of pulses to enhancing diversity—from the farm fields to our plates. Pulses promote above- and below-ground biodiversity, offering over 100 varieties for farmers to integrate into crop rotations. Thus, they boost resilience against climate change and agricultural challenges. Our diets provide a rich, affordable source of protein that can be transformed into countless delicious, nutritious dishes.

Get Involved: Discover, Share, Celebrate
Join the global celebration of World Pulses Day by learning more about these remarkable crops. Visit the FAO website for stories, reports, and communication materials. Share what you learn on social media to spread the message of sustainability, health, and food security.

In Conclusion
Pulses may be small, but their impact is enormous. They sustain our bodies, support our farmers, and protect our planet. This World Pulses Day, let's celebrate their role in creating a healthier, more sustainable, and diverse agrifood system—one pulse at a time.

National Garlic Day Garlic: A Flavorful Fusion of Taste and Health

Garlic comes from the lily family and is the edible bulb from a plant. It is used as a spice to enhance the flavor of foods and in medicine, Garlic claims have been made to cure heart disease, cancer, colds, hair loss, bug repellant, and many other medical conditions.

The medical research on the safety and effectiveness of garlic has been limited, flawed, inconclusive, or failed to prove its curative powers in most of the claims made.

The following conditions have been rated based on the scientific evidence available as to the effectiveness of Garlic as a treatment. From Medline, service to the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services. 

Ratings
A: Strong scientific evidence for this use;

B: Good scientific evidence for this use;
C: Unclear scientific evidence for this use;
D: Fair scientific evidence against this use;
F: Strong scientific evidence against this use.

High Cholesterol (Rate B). Multiple studies in humans have reported small reductions in total blood cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins ("bad cholesterol") over short periods of time (4 to 12 weeks). It is not clear if there are benefits after this amount of time. Effects on high-density lipoproteins ("good cholesterol") are not clear. This remains an area of controversy. Well-designed and longer studies are needed in this area.

Antifungal, applied to the skin (Rate C). Several studies describe the application of garlic to the skin to treat fungal infections, including yeast infections. Garlic can cause severe burns and rash when applied to the skin of sensitive individuals.

Anti-platelet effects, blood thinning (Rate C).   Garlic has been associated with several cases of bleeding, therapy should be applied with caution (particularly in patients using other agents that may precipitate bleeding).

Atherosclerosis, hardening of the arteries (Rate C).   Preliminary research in humans suggests that deposits of cholesterol in blood vessels may not grow as quickly in people who take garlic. It is not clear if this is due to the ability of garlic to lower cholesterol levels, or to other effects of garlic.

Cancer (Rate C).  Preliminary human studies suggest that regular consumption of garlic (particularly unprocessed garlic) may reduce the risk of developing several types of cancer including gastric and colorectal malignancies. Some studies use multi-ingredient products so it is difficult to determine if garlic alone may play a beneficial role. Further, well designed human clinical trials are needed to conclude whether eating garlic or taking garlic supplements may prevent or treat cancer.

High blood pressure (Rate C).  Numerous human studies report that garlic can lower blood pressure by a small amount, but larger, well-designed studies are needed to confirm this possible effect.

Tick repellant (Rate C).  In early study, self-reports of tick bites were significantly less in people receiving garlic over a placebo "sugar" pill. Further, a well-designed study is needed to confirm these results.

Upper respiratory tract infection (Rate C).  Preliminary reports suggest that garlic may reduce the severity of upper respiratory tract infections. However, this has not been demonstrated in well-designed human studies.

Diabetes (Rate D).  Animal studies suggest that garlic may lower blood sugar and increase insulin release, but human studies do not confirm this effect.

Heart Smart® Tip of the Day: Garlic with

Darlene Zimmerman, RDN

Why go to the market,
when you can grow garlic in your garden.

National Animal Crackers Day

Animal crackers are usually in the shape of circus animals such as lions, tigers, bears, and elephants. During the late 1800's, animal crackers were imported from England to the United States. The first batch of animal crackers was made by Stauffer's Biscuit Company in 1871 in York, Pennsylvania. Other local bakeries soon came together under the National Biscuit Company, or "Nabisco Brands." In 1902, the animal cracker's box officially became "Barnum's Animals" with the circus-themed box.

Animal Cracker Nutrition

Create Fun and Healthier Snacks

Shirley Temple - Animal Crackers in My Soup

Go Bananas: A Journey from Tree to Table

National Banana Day

Nutrition Profile

Selection

Choose bananas that are firm and free of bruises. Bananas are best to eat when the skin color is solid yellow and speckled with brown. Bananas with green tips or with practically no yellow color have not developed their full flavor. Bananas are overripe when they have a strong odor.

Storage

To ripen bananas leave at room temperature for a couple of days. Once ripe store in the refrigerator for 3 to 5 days. The peel may turn brown in the refrigerator, but the fruit will not change.

Recipes

If you love bananas, Eating Well has a collection of Banana Recipes you are sure to enjoy.

Chiquita Banana The Original Commercial 

Produced by Disney Studios in the '40s, this commercial appeared only in movie theaters, and for over 50 years kept us humming its catchy tune.

DOLE Banana Growing and Planting
Dole explains the growing and planting of bananas.

Banana Farm

The banana farm at EARTH University uses socially and environmentally responsible practices at every stage of the process. The farm plants trees along river banks to promote biodiversity and reduce harmful erosion. In addition, they do not use herbicides. The farm's eco-friendly practices produce some of the most flavorful bananas in the world.

Diverse and Delicious Ways to Enjoy Mushrooms

Growing Your Own Mushrooms

Different Ways to Enjoy Mushrooms

1. Add mushrooms to egg white omelet.
2. Sauté, Grill, Broil, Roast, or Steam mushrooms. Add to soup, salads, pasta, rice - the combinations are numerous.
3. Add fresh mushrooms to a salad.

4. Stuff mushrooms

Herby Barley Salad with Butter-Basted Mushrooms

by Chris Morocco, Bon Appétit 

Resources
1. Fruits and Veggies, More Matters: Mushrooms: Nutrition, Selection, and Storage

2. Wikipedia, Mushrooms

3. Kitchen Dictionary: Mushroom

Transform Your Space: Pantry Perfection

Welcome to the ultimate guide to achieving pantry perfection! A clean and organized pantry can truly transform your kitchen space. Not only does it make cooking and meal planning more efficient, but it also contributes to a healthier and more enjoyable home environment. Let’s dive into simple guidelines that will help you maintain a spotless kitchen and pantry.

The Clean Slate

Take everything out: The first step is to remove all items from your pantry. Yes, everything! This includes those half-used bags of pasta, the spices you can't remember buying, and the cans hidden in the back. It’s time to assess what you have, what you need, and what’s simply taking up valuable space.

The Deep Clean

Clean thoroughly: With your pantry emptied, take the opportunity to give it a deep clean. Wipe down all surfaces, including shelves, walls, and those often-forgotten corners. A mix of warm water and mild detergent works wonders, but for tougher stains, consider a mixture of baking soda and water.

Organize and Prioritize

Organize smartly: Group similar items together and decide on the best way to store them. Think about how you use your kitchen and organize items in a way that makes your daily routine smoother. High-use items should be within easy reach, while bulk or seldom-used items can take a higher or more remote shelf.

Label everything: Labels aren’t just for the aesthetically minded; they’re incredibly functional. By clearly marking shelves and containers, you establish a system that guides every household member to effortlessly locate and return items to their rightful spots. But the utility of labels doesn't stop there; they're also incredibly effective for tracking food quality and safety. A simple date labeled on prepared foods can tak the guesswork out of how fresh your leftovers are, ensuring your kitchen is not just organized, but smart and safe too.

Sustainability and Sharing

Donate and compost: If you find unopened, non-perishable items that you won’t use, consider donating them to a local food bank. For perishable items and food scraps, composting is a great way to reduce waste and give back to the earth.

Maintenance is Key

Regular checks: Ideally, your pantry should undergo a major clean-out at least twice a year, though a seasonal approach (four times a year) is even better. Keep an eye on expiration dates, and make immediate clean-ups a habit to avoid attracting pests.

Six Steps to Pantry Perfection

1.    Discard old or unwanted food: Start by getting rid of anything that’s expired, stale, or simply unappealing. This step is liberating and creates space for what you truly enjoy and use.

2.    Donate what you won’t use: Got canned goods or non-perishables you won’t eat? Donate them! Also, reassess small appliances or gadgets that are gathering dust.

3.    Empty those shelves: With unneeded items gone, clear everything else out to prepare for a thorough cleaning.

4.    A clean canvas: Now’s the time to clean those shelves. Don’t overlook this step – a clean surface is key to a truly organized pantry.

5.   Strategic organization: Once clean, start organizing your items by category, usage, or any system that makes sense for your lifestyle. Use bins, baskets, and dividers to keep categories distinct and items accessible.

6.    Opt for re-sealable containers: Ditch bulky packaging for clear, airtight containers. Not only does this save space, but it also keeps your food fresher longer and makes inventory checks a breeze.

Keeping it Clean

Frequent mini-cleans: To keep your pantry in top shape, do a quick sweep once a month. This doesn’t have to be time-consuming – even 20 minutes can make a big difference. Use this time to check stock levels, wipe down surfaces, and ensure everything is in its place.

 Final Thoughts

Achieving and maintaining pantry perfection is about creating a system that works for you and your household. It’s not just about a one-time clean-up but about adopting habits that keep your pantry in order year-round. Remember, a well-organized pantry is more than just pleasing to the eye; it makes cooking more enjoyable, reduces waste, and contributes to a healthier lifestyle.

April, Parkinson's Awareness Month Nutrition and Parkinson's Disease

Nutrition and Parkinson's Disease Webinar

Kathrynne Holden is a registered dietitian who specializes in nutrition for Parkinson's disease (PD). Drawing on her former hospital experience, she has pioneered the understanding of the unique nutrition needs of people with Parkinson's. Her aim is to provide the knowledge needed to prevent nutrition-related hospitalizations, make the best use of PD medications, and maintain an independent lifestyle.

“Some Parkinson medications can cause edema
(a build-up of fluid in the tissues,
often in the ankles, lower legs, and wrists).
If you have edema, it’s important to get plenty
of potassium in the diet,
avoid too much salt and highly-processed
foods (potato chips, canned soups, pickles for example),
and stay in close touch with your physician.”

- Kathrynne Holden, MS, RD

Kathrynne Holden has written books and articles for the public, produced and has authored the professional's manual "PARKINSON'S DISEASE: Guidelines for Medical Nutrition Therapy." She has also developed the first nutrition risk assessment tool specific to PD. Kathrynne regularly speaks at Parkinson's symposiums and conferences and has conducted presentations in the United States, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom.

Research. Gerald C. McIntosh, M.D., Kathrynne E. Holden, M.S., R.D.: Risk for malnutrition and bone fracture in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study. Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly. Spring 1999; Vol. 18, No. 3.

Abstract. Conditions relating to Parkinson's disease include tremors, impaired balance, falls, constipation, food-medication interactions, and anorexia. Weight loss, bone thinning, and muscle wasting are common, raising the risk for malnutrition and bone fracture. This pilot study examines the lifestyle and dietary choices of 24 Parkinson's patients. Unplanned weight loss and falls were common, and most had multiple risk factors for malnutrition and fracture. Results support findings in previous studies and call for early nutrition intervention to help prevent fractures, muscle wasting, bowel impaction, and dehydration. The findings indicate that such intervention could prevent hospitalizations and related costs.

Review of the literature on

Nutrition and Parkinson's Disease

There is no special diet for people with Parkinson's disease. The nutritional goals include:

• Eat well-balanced meals.
• Consume adequate calories to maintain body weight within a normal range.
• Minimize food and drug interactions.
• If chewing, choking or excessive coughing becomes a problem, provide food consistency easily tolerated.
• Feeding may become difficult and a referral to an occupational therapist may be necessary for adaptive eating utensils.

Eat Well-Balanced Meals

Eat a variety of foods. Include foods rich in fiber, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, bran, cereals, rice, and pasta. Limit intake of salt, sugar, and foods high in saturated fats and cholesterol. Drink eight cups of water per day. Balance exercise and food in order to maintain your weight within a healthy range. Ask your doctor if alcohol will interfere with any of your medications.

Medication and Food Interactions

Medication used to treat Parkinson's disease may cause nausea. Let your doctor know if nausea is a problem. There are several ways to control nausea, including:

• Drink clear liquids, such as water, broth, fruit juices without pulp (apple juice, grape juice or cranberry juice), Clear sodas, sports drinks, and plain gelatin.
• Avoid juices with pulp and orange and grapefruit juices.
• Eat and drink slowly.
• Beverages should be consumed between meals, not with the meal.
• Choose bland foods such as saltine crackers. Avoid greasy and fried foods.
• Eat smaller meals, more frequently throughout the day.
• Foods should be eaten cold or at room temperature.
• After eating keep your head elevated and avoid brushing your teeth.

Some medications for Parkinson's disease may cause thirst or dry mouth. Include 8 or more cups of liquid each day, unless other medical conditions require you to limit your fluid intake. Add sauces to foods to make them moister. Try sour candy or an ice pop to help increase saliva.

Malnutrition may become a problem for a person diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. This could be related to depression, nausea, difficulty feeding, problems with swallowing, chewing, coughing, and/or a loss of interest in food.

Patients who experience swallowing difficulties should consult a physician. The doctor may recommend a swallow study to determine the food consistency best tolerated. If feeding becomes difficult, a referral to an occupational therapist may be necessary for adaptive eating utensils.

The Parkinson's Disease Foundation (PDF) is a leading national presence in Parkinson's disease research, education, and public advocacy. PDF is working for nearly one million people in the US who live with Parkinson's by funding promising scientific research and supporting people with Parkinson's, their families, and caregivers through educational programs and support services. Since its founding in 1957, PDF has funded over $85 million worth of scientific research in Parkinson's disease, supporting the work of leading scientists throughout the world.

Click the following link to learn more about Parkinson's Awareness Month.

National Farm Animals Day

National Farm Animals Day was created as a day to raise awareness about the plight of slaughtered animals and to find a home for abandoned and abused farm animals.

Animal Rescues That Will Make You Happy
that PETA Exists

Vegetarian Resources

1. The Vegetarian Resource Group
2. Peta
3. Vegetarian Nutrition Dietetic Practice Group (VN DPG), Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
4. The Vegan Society
5. Ginny Messina, RDN - Vegan Dietitian: Recipes to Try - Pinterest 
6. MyPlate, Healthy Eating for Vegetarians

Protect Your Garden with Everyday Spices and Herbs

Using spices and herbs in your garden isn’t just a kitchen trick. It’s a practical, low-cost way to protect plants from pests and disease without relying on harsh chemicals. Many common herbs and spices contain natural compounds that repel insects, discourage fungal growth, or even improve soil health.

Here’s how it works and how you can start using them.

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Why spices and herbs work in the garden

Plants produce strong scents and oils to defend themselves. When you bring those same plants or their dried forms into your garden, they can:

• Confuse or repel pests like aphids, ants, and mosquitoes
• Deter larger garden invaders like rabbits or squirrels
• Reduce fungal growth in soil and on leaves
• Attract beneficial insects such as pollinators and predatory bugs

For example, the strong smell of garlic can mask the scent of your crops, making it harder for pests to find them.

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Herbs and Spices to Naturally Protect Your Plants

Keeping your garden healthy doesn’t have to mean using harsh chemicals. Many everyday herbs and spices contain natural compounds that repel pests, prevent disease, and support plant growth. They’re easy to use, affordable, and often already in your kitchen.

By adding these natural protectors to your gardening routine, you can create a safer, more balanced environment where plants thrive and harmful pests stay away.

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Herbs and Spices to Protect Your Plants

Herb/Spice	Repels/Protects Against	How to Use	Best For
Garlic	Aphids, beetles, fungus	Blend with water and spray on leaves	Vegetables, roses
Cinnamon	Mold, fungus, ants	Sprinkle on soil or seed trays	Seedlings, indoor plants
Chili Powder	Rabbits, squirrels, and insects	Dust lightly around plants or mix into spray	Leafy greens
Basil	Mosquitoes, flies	Plant nearby as a companion	Tomatoes, peppers
Mint	Ants, aphids, rodents	Plant in pots or make a spray	Garden edges
Rosemary	Cabbage moths, carrot flies	Grow nearby or use an infused spray	Root vegetables
Turmeric	Soil fungus, bacteria	Mix a small amount into soil	Seed starting
Cloves	Ants, flies	Place whole or use diluted oil spray	Containers
Thyme	Whiteflies, cabbage worms	Plant around crops	Brassicas
Neem (powder/oil)	Wide range of pests, fungus	Dilute and spray on plants	Most garden plants

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Tips for Using Herbs and Spices in Your Garden

• Start small. Test on one plant before applying widely
• Reapply often, especially after rain
• Use companion planting along with sprays for better results
• Avoid overuse. Too much can affect plant growth
• Keep strong spices away from very young seedlings unless diluted

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Final Thought

Natural garden protection isn’t about eliminating every pest. It’s about balance. Using herbs and spices helps you manage problems while keeping your garden safe, healthy, and productive over time.