Vinegar Vibes: Unlocking the Magic in the Kitchen

Vinegar Vibes: Unlocking the Magic in the Kitchen

Vinegar has been around for more than 10,000 years. The Babylonians used it as a preservative and condiment, and they began flavoring it with herbs. Romans used it as a beverage. Hippocrates proclaimed its medicinal qualities, and it was probably one of our earliest remedies. The Bible references show how it was used for its soothing and healing properties. As recently as World War I, vinegar was used to treat wounds. Today, research is being done to lower the glycemic index of foods and decrease appetite.

Vinegar is an acidic liquid produced from ethanol fermentation in a process that yields acetic acid (ethanoic acid). It also may come in a diluted form. The acetic acid concentration usually ranges from 4% to 8% by volume for table vinegar and up to 18% for pickling. 

Vinegar, as defined by the FDA

CPG Sec. 525.825 Vinegar, Definitions

No standards of identity for vinegar have been established under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. However, the FDA has established "Compliance Policy Guides" that the Agency follows regarding the labeling of vinegar, such as cider, wine, malt, sugar, spirit, and vinegar blends. In other countries, there are regional standards for vinegar produced or sold in that part of the world.

POLICY:
Historically, definitions have been developed for different types or combinations of vinegars. The United States FDA requires that any " vinegar " product contain at least 4% acidity. This requirement ensures the minimum strength of vinegar sold at the retail level.

FDA considers the following to be satisfactory guidelines for labeling vinegar: Natural vinegar, as it comes from the generators, typically contains more than 4 grams of acetic acid per 100 mL. When vinegar is diluted with water, the label must bear a statement such as diluted with water to _______ percent acid strength", with the blank filled with the actual percent of acetic acid - in no case should it be less than 4 percent. Each of the varieties of vinegar listed below should contain 4 grams of acetic acid per 100 mL.

VINEGAR:

VINEGAR, CIDER VINEGAR, APPLE VINEGAR. The product is made from alcoholic and subsequent acetous fermentations of apple juice.

WINE VINEGAR, GRAPE VINEGAR. The product is made from the alcoholic and subsequent acetous fermentations of the grape juice.

MALT VINEGAR. The product made by the alcoholic and subsequent acetous fermentations, without distillation, of an infusion of barley malt or cereals whose starch has been converted by the malt.

SUGAR VINEGAR. The product is made by the alcoholic and subsequent acetous fermentations of sugar syrup, molasses, or refiner's syrup.

GLUCOSE VINEGAR. This dextrorotatory product is made by the alcoholic and subsequent acetous fermentations of a glucose solution.

SPIRIT VINEGAR, DISTILLED VINEGAR, GRAIN VINEGAR. The product is made by the acetous fermentation of dilute distilled alcohol.

VINEGAR IS MADE FROM A MIXTURE OF SPIRIT VINEGAR AND CIDER VINEGAR. The product should be labeled as a blend of the products with the product names in order of predominance. This labeling applies to a similar product made by acetous fermentation of a mixture of alcohol and cider stock.

VINEGAR IS MADE FROM DRIED APPLES, APPLE CORES, OR APPLE PEELS. Vinegar made from dried apples, apple cores, or apple peels should be labeled as "vinegar made from ______," where the blank is filled in with the name of the apple product(s) used as the source of fermented material.

Cooking with Balsamic Vinegar

Below are some of the uses found on the Internet. Many have yet to be tested or researched, making recommendations difficult.

How Does Apple Cider Vinegar Work?

Food Preparation

 1. Soak fish in vinegar and water before cooking it. It will be sweeter, more tender, and hold its shape better. When boiling or poaching fish, a tablespoon of vinegar added to the water will keep it from crumbling so quickly.

 2. Vinegar is used in pickling, vinaigrettes, marinades, mustard, ketchup, and mayonnaise.  

 3. When boiling an egg and it's cracked, a little vinegar in the water will keep the white from running out. (Forget this one. If the egg is broken, throw it out.)

 4. A teaspoon of white distilled or cider vinegar added to the water in which you boil potatoes will keep them nice and white. You can keep peeled potatoes from turning dark by covering them with water and adding 2 teaspoons of vinegar. 

 5. Freshen up slightly wilted vegetables by soaking them in cold water and vinegar. 

 6. Fruits and vegetables. Add 2 tablespoons white distilled vinegar to 1-pint water and use to wash fresh fruits and vegetables, then rinse thoroughly. This is supposed to help kill bacteria in fruits and vegetables. 

 7. Flavor Enhancer. To enhance the flavor of soup, gravy, or sauce, add your favorite specialty vinegar.

 8. Use as a meat tenderizer for tough meat or game.

 9. Simmer a small vinegar and water solution to eliminate unwanted cooking smells.

10. Rice will be fluffier and less sticky if you add a teaspoon of white distilled vinegar to the boiling water before adding the rice.

11. Remove fruit stains from your hands by cleaning them with vinegar.

12. Remove heavy, stale smells from lunch boxes by dampening a piece of fresh bread with white distilled vinegar and leaving it in the lunch box overnight.

Cleaning

 1. White vinegar is often used as a household cleaning product. The acidity is said to dissolve mineral deposits from glass, coffee makers, and other smooth surfaces. Dilution with water is recommended for safety and to avoid damaging the surfaces being cleaned.

 2. Vinegar can be used for polishing brass or bronze.

 3. Vinegar has been marketed as a green solution for some household cleaning problems, such as an eco-friendly urine cleaner for pets and as a weed killer.

Medical

 1. Experts advise against using vinegar preparations for treating wounds. 

 2. Acetic acid solutions were ineffective at inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli, group D Enterococcus, or Bacteroides fragilis bacteria and only slightly effective at inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria.

 3. Experts caution against using vinegar as a household disinfectant against human pathogens because chemical disinfectants are more effective. 

 4. Undiluted vinegar may be used effectively for cleaning dentures; unlike bleach solutions, vinegar residues left on dentures were not associated with mucosal damage.

 5. Vinegar is commonly recommended for treating nail fungus, head lice, and warts; however, scientific support for these treatment strategies is lacking.

 6. Vinegar may reduce hunger by reducing the meal-time glycemic load. 

 7. The use of vinegar in controlling blood sugar as an adjunct therapy for individuals with diabetes or prediabetes has yet to be determined.

Additional uses and tips can be found at the Vinegar Institute.


Fat-free vinaigrette Recipes are easy to prepare and can be used as marinades, salad dressings, or sauces.   

Oriental Vinaigrette, Yield: 1 cup; Serving Size: Unlimited

1 clove garlic, cut into several pieces

1 cup rice vinegar (unseasoned)

1 tsp low sodium soy sauce

1 slice of fresh ginger, cut into several pieces

Combine all ingredients, stirring well. Let stand for 45 minutes. Strain dressing. Discard ginger and garlic (or use them in food preparation later).

Balsamic Vinaigrette Dressing, Yield: 1 cup; Serving Size: Unlimited
3/4 cup water
1/4 cup balsamic vinegar
2 teaspoons capers
2 teaspoons Dijon mustard
1½ teaspoons dried basil
1 tablespoon fresh parsley, chopped
Combine the ingredients. Adjust vinegar to taste. Store in a covered container in the refrigerator.


Chili-Cilantro Vinaigrette Dressing, Yield: ¾ cup; Serving Size: Unlimited
1 small green chili, diced
¼ cup chopped fresh cilantro
¼ cup water
¼ cup fresh lime juice
1 clove garlic
pinch, artificial sweetener
freshly ground pepper to taste
Place all of the ingredients in a food processor or blender. Blend until smooth.


Citrus Herb Vinaigrette Dressing, Yield: 1½ cup; Serving Size: Unlimited
½ medium-sized red bell pepper,
2 medium tomatoes, diced
½ cup loosely packed fresh basil leaves, chopped
2 cloves garlic, minced
½ cup fresh orange juice
½ cup loosely packed fresh parsley
¼ cup raspberry vinegar
1 Tablespoon dry mustard
2 teaspoons fresh thyme leaves
2 teaspoons fresh tarragon
2 teaspoons fresh oregano
Combine all ingredients in a blender or food processor and blend until pureed. Makes approximately 1½ cups


Indian Vinaigrette Dressing, Yield: ¼ cup; Serving Size: Unlimited
¼ cup orange juice
¼ teaspoon ground coriander
¼ teaspoon chopped cilantro
½ teaspoon prepared hot mustard
Put all ingredients in a small bowl and stir. Let sit for about 10 minutes.


Orange and Lemon Vinaigrette, Yield: 1 cup; Serving Size: Unlimited
½ cup wine vinegar
4 Tablespoons lemon juice
4 Tablespoons orange juice
grated rind of 1 lemon
½ teaspoon French mustard
pinch garlic
ground black pepper to taste
Place all ingredients in a bowl and mix thoroughly. Store in the fridge and use within 2 days.


Orange Thai Vinaigrette Dressing, Yield: ½ cup; Serving Size: Unlimited
5 Tablespoon orange juice
1 teaspoon minced ginger
1 teaspoon minced garlic
1 Tablespoon low-sodium soy sauce
¼ cup rice vinegar
pinch of cayenne
Whisk together all ingredients with a fork.


Parsley-Tomato Vinaigrette Dressing, Yield: ¾ cup; Serving Size: Unlimited
¼ cup tomato juice (low sodium)
Pinch of cayenne pepper
¼ cup red wine vinegar
½ teaspoon oregano, fresh
1 Tablespoon onion, minced
½ teaspoon black pepper
¼ cup parsley chopped fresh
½ cup tomatoes, chopped, fresh
1 garlic clove, minced
Place all ingredients in a blender or food processor. Process until smooth.


Red Pepper Vinaigrette, Yield: ½ cup; Serving Size: Unlimited
¼ cup apple juice
¼ cup cider vinegar
2 tablespoons white onion
1 cloves garlic, pressed
Pinches of rosemary and thyme
½ teaspoon dried whole oregano
½ teaspoon dry mustard powder
½ teaspoon paprika
½ of a roasted red bell pepper
Mix in a blender. Blend thoroughly and chill overnight.


Tomato Vinaigrette, Yield: ½ cup; Serving Size: Unlimited
½ cup tomato, chopped
2 Tablespoons white wine vinegar
½ teaspoon dried basil
½ teaspoon dried thyme
½ teaspoon Dijon mustard
Mix in a blender. Blend thoroughly and chill overnight. Lasts about 2 days. Serve on salads.

Cherry Dessert Day - Celebrate Cherries and the Health Benefits

About seventy percent of the cherries produced in the United States come from Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Utah. There are two main types of cherries: sweet and sour. Sour cherries are lower in calories and higher in vitamin C and beta-carotene than sweet cherries.

From Tree to Table

Selection
Select firm, red cherries with stems attached. Avoid soft, shriveled, or blemished cherries. Good cherries should be large (one inch or more in diameter), glossy, plump, hard, and dark-colored for their variety. Avoid fruit that is bruised or has cuts on the dark surface.

How to Store
Refrigerate cherries for up to 10 days.

Nutrition Benefits
Fat-free; saturated fat-free; sodium free; cholesterol free; good source of vitamin C; good source of potassium.

Health Benefits

Cancer
Sweet cherries have several cancer-preventive components including fiber, vitamin C, carotenoids, and anthocyanins. The potential role of sweet cherries in cancer prevention lies mostly in the anthocyanin content, especially in cyanidin. Sweet cherries are a good source of cyanidins, which appear to act as an antioxidant and may reduce cancer risk.

Cardiovascular Disease
Sweet cherries have been shown to have significant levels of anthocyanins as well as other pigments in perhaps smaller concentrations that together provide synergistic effects thought to be protective to heart and related vascular tissue

Diabetes
Researchers are interested in the role of anthocyanins in reducing insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. The lower glycemic response shown in relation to cherry consumption may be the result of glucose-lowering effects of cherry phytochemicals in combination with the fiber content of cherries.

Potassium
Sweet cherries are considered a good source of dietary potassium, with approximately 260 mg potassium for every cup of fresh cherries consumed. Adequate potassium intake has shown to reduce the risk for hypertension and stroke.

Quercetin
Sweet cherries also contain a small amount of quercetin. Quercetin is an antioxidant which may play a beneficial role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and cancer.

Melatonin
Cherries are one plant food source of melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone that plays a role in promoting healthy sleep patterns.

Ease muscle soreness
Researchers believe tart cherries’ antioxidants protect against exercise-induced free radicals, which can lead to painful inflammation.

Gout
Cherries may help reduce the swelling, inflammation, and tenderness associated with gout. Research reveals eating about 2 cups fresh sweet Bing cherries daily lowered uric acid levels by 15%.

Recipes

1. Health, Health Benefits of Cherries
2. Better Homes and Gardens, Healthy Cherry Recipes
3. The Greatest Table: 5 Healthy Cherry Recipes from Around the Web

Spotlight on Asparagus

Spotlight on Asparagus

Asparagus is a perennial garden plant belonging to the Lily family. It is harvested in the spring when it is 6 to 8 inches tall. The most common variety of asparagus is green in color. There are two other edible varieties available. White asparagus is grown underground to inhibit its development of chlorophyll content, therefore creating its distinctive white coloring. It is generally found canned, although you may find it fresh in some select markets, and it is generally more expensive than the green variety since its production is more labor-intensive. The other edible variety of asparagus is purple in color. It is smaller than the green or white variety (usually just 2 to 3 inches tall) and features a fruitier flavor. It also provides benefits from phytonutrients called anthocyanins that give it its purple color.

Nutrition Information
Low in calories, only 20 per 3.5 oz. serving
Contains no fat or cholesterol
Very low in sodium
A good source of potassium. (1)
A source of fiber (2 grams per 3.5 serving)
An excellent source of folic acid
A significant source of thiamin and vitamin B6

Selection

Asparagus stalks should be rounded, and neither fat nor twisted. Look for firm, thin stems with deep green or purplish closed tips. The cut ends should not be too woody, although a little woodiness at the base prevents the stalk from drying out. Once trimmed and cooked, asparagus loses about half its total weight. Use asparagus within a day or two after purchasing for the best flavor and texture. Store in the refrigerator with the ends wrapped in a damp paper towel.

Preparation and Cooking

Thin asparagus does not require peeling. Asparagus with thick stems should be peeled because the stems are usually tough and stringy. Remove the tough outer skin of the bottom portion of the stem (not the tips) with a vegetable peeler. Wash asparagus under cold water to remove any sand or soil residues. It is best to cook asparagus whole. If you want to cut asparagus into small pieces, it is best to cut them after they are cooked. Asparagus can be served hot or cold.

Serving Ideas

•  Add cold asparagus to your favorite salad.

•  Toss cooked pasta with asparagus, olive oil, and your favorite pasta spices. 

•  Chopped asparagus make a flavorful and colorful addition to omelets.

•  Sauté asparagus with garlic, mushrooms, and tofu or chicken for a complete meal.

Recipes

Asparagus Recipes & Tips from The Produce Lady

How To Make Perfectly Roasted Asparagus

EatingWell, Asparagus 
Food Network, Asparagus recipes

World Day for Cultural Diversity Exploring Food Diversity

Today is a beautiful day to celebrate the many cultural foods that make up American Cuisine. The diversity can be seen as we travel across the country. There are regional differences and the influences of immigrants from all over the world.

New England is known for seafood, particularly lobster and creamy clam chowder. The Southern states are known for collard greens (leafy greens), chicken and dumplings, black-eyed peas, and cornbread. Grits is a popular breakfast dish in the South. The Midwest has traditionally been a beef and grain-producing area, so meats, potatoes, and bread are foods found there. Fresh salmon is a specialty in the Pacific Northwest, and the Mexican influence can be seen in the Southwest. California and Hawaii are known for growing many different fruits, and Alaska is known for its fish and King Crab.

As a nation of immigrants, our foods have expanded to include worldwide cuisines, traditions, and religious influences. Many ethnic dishes are joining the American food culture and are seeing an incredible boost in familiarity, approval, and consumption.

Foods from All Over the World

Healthy Choices
Table of Cuisines (from Menu Solutions)

Cuisine Healthier Choices Limit Delicatessen Selections Extra-lean corned beef, pastrami, roast beef, beef brisket, and turkey breast are best. Whole wheat or multi-grain bread; chicken or tuna salad; chopped herring; chef salad; fresh fruit plate with cottage cheese; dry bagel; borscht or broth soup; tossed salad, sliced tomatoes, beet salad, or carrot raisin salad. High-fat meats (regular corn beef, hot pastrami, beef bologna, hot dogs, knockwurst, liverwurst, and salami); potato salad; mayonnaise-based salads; combo sandwiches (Reuben); smoked fish (lox); creamy coleslaw; chopped liver; excess cream cheese and cheese spreads; sauerkraut (high in sodium). Pizza Parlor Selections You cannot go wrong by ordering extra toppings such as onions, peppers, mushrooms, tomato slices, broccoli, and spinach. Other possibilities include chicken, crab meat, or shrimp.   Fat starts with the basic cheese, so avoid extra cheese, particularly mozzarella. Other culprits include bacon, meatballs, pepperoni, sausage, prosciutto, and anchovies. Sandwich Shop Selections Both 100% whole wheat and pita bread are great choices. Good sandwich fillers are grilled chicken breast, ham, roast beef, and turkey breast. Instruct the server not to add butter, margarine, or mayonnaise to the bread and substitute with ketchup, mustard, or horseradish. Good salad choices include chef, garden, or Greek salads, but remember to ask for low-calorie dressings on the side and to omit egg or cheese. Broth-type soups such as barley, beef, chicken, lentils, split peas, and vegetable noodles are tasty. Avoid croissants, cheese, excess mayonnaise, egg, and creamy soups. Beware of "diet plates" with big burgers and scoops of cottage cheese, which have loads of saturated fat. Omit cheeseburgers, cheese sandwiches, or grilled cheese "melts" over chicken and seafood salads and cold cuts. Combo sandwiches with meat and cheese and club sandwiches are best avoided due to the large portion size. Remember that salad combos such as tuna, chicken, and crab meat have lots of mayonnaise. Avoid creamy soups such as chowders or cream of "anything." Submarine Shop Selections Order the smaller size roll or pita bread. Turkey, smoked turkey, ham, and roast beef are acceptable. Ask the server to go light on the meats, omit the mayonnaise or oil, and generously load up on the shredded lettuce, onion, peppers, pickles, and sliced tomatoes. Choose salads as alternatives, such as chef or tossed salads with perhaps a scoop of tuna, chicken, or seafood served with Italian or pita bread.  Omit meats like bologna, Italian cold cuts, salami (hard or Genoa), and sausages. Stay away from cheeses and steak and cheese. Other items to omit include antipasto salads, fried eggplant, and chicken cutlets. Chinese Selections Order plain steamed rice, boiled, steamed, or stir-fried vegetables (ask for little oil), moderate fish and shellfish, non-fried tofu, skinless poultry, or egg rolls (insides only). Anything fried (rice or crispy noodles), or with sweet and sour sauce; egg dishes or soups; salty soups; avoid duck and limit beef, pork, and pickled foods; excess soy sauce; ask the chef to leave out MSG and cut down the use of commonly used corn starch, sugar, and salt. Indian Selections Order chutney (except mango); curry sauce (yogurt-based); fish (omit butter basting); yogurt with shredded vegetables; basmati rice. Biryani (vegetable dish); chapatti or papadum bread; tandoori chicken; lentil or mulligatawny soups Creamy or high-salt soups; clarified butter (ghee); deep-fried meats; poori or paratha bread; fried samosa or pakora; ask to prepare dishes without excess salt and to omit coconut milk, if possible; omit garnishes with nuts or dried fruit. Italian Selections Order antipasto (no oil or excess meats); crusty bread (no oil or butter); broiled or grilled fish, seafood, chicken, and meats; garlic; plain or vegetable pasta; fresh unsalted mozzarella cheese; steamed leafy vegetables (kale and broccoli); salads; fresh tomatoes; zucchini; ices. Garlic bread, stuffed pasta (ravioli and lasagna), fried eggplant, meatballs or sausage, sauces with butter, cream, oil, and wine base, pesto sauce, cheese-filled or parmesan-style dishes, spumoni or tortoni ice cream. Beware of risotto rice, polenta, high-fat, high-sodium prosciutto ham and pancetta, veal cutlets, and Caesar salads. Japanese Selections Order rice; steamed fish; sushi; sashimi; miso soup; raw vegetables; tofu; sukiyaki (stir-fried); yakimono (broiled fish). Tempura and other deep-fried food; excess peanut and teriyaki sauce; pickled foods; excess salt and sugar in sauces; excess salt in soy marinades and sauces. Mediterranean (Middle East) Selections You can order couscous, bulgar, pita bread, and legumes such as chickpeas, fava beans, lentils, hummus, grape leaves, and yogurt. Phyllo dough dishes are used for sweet desserts such as baklava, feta, and kasseri cheese, excess anchovies, and olives, high-sodium foods, feta, olives, and sausage, appetizers in general, except salads, and excess fat from butter, olive oil, omelets, and tahini. Mexican Selections Order soft-shell tacos; burritos; fajitas; salsa; chicken enchilada; black beans or Mexican rice; grilled fish or chicken; salads without chips or shells; moderate corn or flour tortilla, using minimal oil; ceviche (marinated fish); gazpacho; chile con carne soup, with no cheese. Acceptable items include shredded lettuce, spicy meats, diced tomatoes, salsa verde, picante or tomato sauce, and Mexican salads as appetizers, with salsa as the dressing. Chips, nachos, super nachos, chili con queso, fried taco or tortilla shells, guacamole, sour cream, cheese, refried beans, beef and pork dishes, olives, and items such as chilies rellenos, chimichangas, chorizo (sausage), and flautas. Thai Selections You can order steamed rice, broth-based soups (tom yum koang and pok taek), non-fried proteins such as chicken, seafood, and tofu, vegetables, satay, or steamed mussels, or salads with light dressings made with Thai spices. Excess sodium, soy sauce, sugar, MSG, coconut milk, coconut oil, cream dishes, high milk, sodium soups, fried appetizers, curry or curry sauce, fried eggplant, cashew and peanut toppings. Resources 1. United Nations. World Day for Cultural Diversity

National High Blood Pressure Education Month and World Hypertension Day

The World Hypertension League (WHL) is a division of the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and is in official relations with the World Health Organization (WHO).

Every year, 17 May is dedicated to World Hypertension Day (WHD). World Hypertension Day was established to highlight preventable stroke, heart, and kidney diseases caused by high blood pressure and to communicate to the public information on prevention, detection, and treatment.

What is Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure is the force applied against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood through the body.


Know Your Blood Pressure Number
The first number, systolic blood pressure, measures the maximum pressure exerted as the heart contracts. A measurement over 90 and under 140 is generally considered normal for an adult.

The lower number indicates diastolic pressure is a measurement taken between beats when the heart is at rest. A measurement over 60 and under 90 is generally considered normal for an adult.

High Blood Pressure is a Global Epidemic. Over 1.5 billion people worldwide suffer from high blood pressure (or hypertension).

Lower Your Sodium

Prevention and Control of High Blood Pressure

1. Maintain a Healthy Weight

2. Eat More Fresh Vegetables and Fruits

3. Cut Back on Salt Intake
4. Exercise
5. Check Your Blood Pressure Regularly
6. If you are on medication, take the medication as prescribed.

Resources
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). National High Blood Pressure Education Program

The World Hypertension League (WHL).  The World Hypertension League's (WHL) objectives are to promote the detection, control, and prevention of arterial hypertension in populations.

National Employee Health and Fitness Month

Employees’ Health And Fitness Programs

Workplace Wellness Programs enhance the
overall health and productivity of your organization.

Benefits For Employers

Increase employee productivity

Improve health care costs

Less illness and injuries

Reduce employee absenteeism

Benefits For Employees

Less stress

Improve physical fitness

Better eating habits or weight control

Increase physical and mental health 

Global Employee Health and Fitness Month™ is administered annually by the National Association for Health and Fitness. NEHF is a national health observance created to promote the benefits of physical activity for individuals through their worksite health promotion activities. Founded in 1989, National Employee Health and Fitness Month has enlisted tens of thousands of participants from employers worldwide.

For More Information on how to Improve Employee Health and Fitness, visit the following links:
Global Employee Health and Fitness Month

National Employee Health and Fitness Day Campaign

NCPAD The National Center on Physical Activity and Disability